Adelheid Seraphina (Etelka) Grünholz (geb. Gál)

Adelheid Seraphina 'Etelka' Gál was born in Budapest as the legitimate daughter of the merchant Emerich Gál and his wife Cäzilia, née Matejka. Her father came from the Jewish Goldscheider family, converted to Catholicism at the age of 20 and changed his surname to 'Gál'. Etelka Gál is baptized Catholic.

In 1916, she marries Robert Grünholz, a furniture dealer and upholsterer from Vienna, who had converted from Judaism to Catholicism in 1914. In the year of the wedding, daughter Eleonore was born; daughter Hildegard was born in 1921.

On March 12, 1938, Etelka Grünholz had to witness the demise of the free and independent German army with its invasion. ith the occupation of Austria, German legislation was adopted and with it the 'Nuremberg Racial Laws', according to which Etelka Grünholz was considered a 'Mischling I.

After the occupation of Austria, she was conscripted to work for the Firma Hermann Fischer & Sohn and had to wear the yellow star, the 'Judenstern', visibly on her clothing from September 19, 1941. Her daughter Eleonore fled to Turkey, her daughter Hildegard was arrested in 1944 for preparation of high treason.

Etelka Grünholz was not deported to a concentration camp and witnessed the liberation of Austria and the re-establishment of the Republic in April and May 1945. She then returned to work in the household.